1、 Installation and fixation

1. Choose a suitable installation location
   • Avoid installing near vibration interference sources (such as motors, pumps, gearboxes, etc.) to reduce the impact of external noise on measurement results.
   • Ensure that the installation surface is flat and rigid enough to prevent relative motion between the sensor and the object being measured due to deformation of the installation surface.
   • For high-frequency vibration measurement, specialized installation fixtures or threaded fasteners should be used to reduce the impact of installation resonance frequency on measurement results.
2. Ensure the correct direction
   • Before installation, it is necessary to clarify the X, Y, and Z axis directions of the sensor and ensure that they are consistent with the direction of motion of the object being measured.
   • Some sensors have directional markings (such as arrows and text labels) that require strict alignment; If there is no marking, the direction needs to be determined through experimentation or calibration.
3. Avoid stress concentration
   • During installation, avoid applying excessive pre tightening force to the sensor (such as overtightening screws) to prevent deformation or damage to the internal structure of the sensor.
   • Use flexible cables or shock-absorbing gaskets to reduce the impact of installation stress on sensors.

2、 Electrical connections and signal processing

1. Power supply and grounding
   • Ensure that the power supply voltage is stable and within the rated range of the sensor (such as ± 5V, ± 10V, or 4-20mA), to avoid measurement errors or sensor damage caused by voltage fluctuations.
   • Good grounding is the key to reducing electromagnetic interference (EMI), and it is necessary to reliably connect the sensor housing to the grounding terminal of the tested system.
2. Signal line selection and wiring
   • Use shielded twisted pair cables to transmit signals and reduce the impact of external electromagnetic interference (such as frequency converters and high-voltage lines).
   • Signal lines should be kept away from power cables (such as motor power lines) to avoid parallel wiring; If crossing is necessary, maintain a 90 degree angle to reduce coupling.
   • The shielding layer needs to be grounded at both the sensor end and the receiving end to avoid forming a grounding loop.
3. Signal conditioning and filtering
   • Select appropriate signal conditioning modules (such as charge amplifiers, low-pass filters) according to measurement requirements to suppress high-frequency noise or amplify weak signals.
   • Set a reasonable sampling frequency (usually 2-5 times the highest frequency of the signal) to avoid aliasing.

3、 Environmental adaptability

1. temperature control
   • The working temperature range of the sensor should meet the actual environmental requirements (such as -40 ℃~+85 ℃ for industrial grade), to avoid sensitivity drift caused by high temperature or material brittleness caused by low temperature.
   • inharshIn temperature environments, it is necessary to choose a heat-resistant model or install a temperature compensation circuit.
2. Moisture and corrosion prevention
   • Avoid long-term exposure of sensors to humid, corrosive gases (such as chlorine, hydrogen sulfide) or salt spray environments to prevent circuit short circuits or corrosion of metal components.
   • If it must be used in harsh environments, sealed sensors (such as IP67 protection level) or protective covers should be selected.
3. Shock and impact resistance
   • Sensors need to be able to withstand mechanical impacts (such as drops and vibrations) during installation or transportation to avoid damage to internal components.
   • For high impact environments such as explosion tests and car collision tests, it is necessary to choose an impact resistant model (such as MEMS accelerometers that can withstand impacts of 10000g or more).

4、 Calibration and Calibration

1. periodic calibration
   • The sensor needs to undergo initial calibration before use to determine the zero offset and sensitivity coefficient.
   • After long-term use (such as every 6-12 months), recalibration is required to compensate for performance drift caused by factors such as temperature and aging.
   • Calibration methods include static calibration (such as gravity field calibration) and dynamic calibration (such as using a vibration table or centrifuge).
2. Cross axis sensitivity compensation
   • Three axis accelerometers may have cross axis sensitivity (i.e. the acceleration of one axis affects the output of other axes), which needs to be compensated through matrix correction or software algorithms.
   • Some sensors have built-in cross axis compensation function, which needs to be enabled in the configuration software.

5、 Usage and operation specifications

1. Avoid using beyond the range
   • The sensor range should cover the maximum acceleration of the measured object (such as selecting a model with a range greater than the expected peak in impact testing), to avoid output saturation or damage to the sensor.
   • If the measured acceleration approaches the upper limit of the range, the gain needs to be reduced or a higher range sensor needs to be used.
2. Preheating and stabilization time
   • After the sensor is powered on, it needs to be preheated for 5-15 minutes (refer to the manual for specific time) to achieve thermal stability in the internal circuit and reduce the impact of temperature drift.
   • Before measurement, it is necessary to stabilize the sensor and the object being measured together (such as in a stationary state) to eliminate initial errors caused by installation stress or temperature gradients.
3. Data recording and analysis
   • Record the environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, air pressure) and sensor status (such as power supply voltage, sampling frequency) during measurement for subsequent data traceability and error analysis.
   • Use professional software (such as LabVIEW, MATLAB) for data processing to avoid manual calculations that introduce human errors.

6、 Maintenance and Storage

1. regular inspection
   • Regularly inspect the appearance of the sensor (such as cracks in the housing, cable damage) and the connection status (such as loose joints), and replace damaged parts in a timely manner.
   • Clean the dust or oil stains on the surface of the sensor to avoid blocking the ventilation holes or affecting heat dissipation.
2. Long-term storage
   • The sensor needs to be stored in a dry, non corrosive gas environment with a temperature controlled between -20 ℃ and+60 ℃.
   • Before storage, protective voltage (such as short circuit or impedance matching load connection) should be applied at both ends of the sensor to prevent electrostatic damage.