Installation precautions

• Installation location selectionAvoid installing near vibration interference sources such as motors, pumps, and gearboxes to reduce the impact of external noise on measurement results. Choose a location that represents the desired measurement point and avoid installation in areas that are prone to looseness, vibration isolation, or have complex vibration modes (such as the end of a cantilever beam).
• Installation surface requirementsEnsure that the installation surface is flat and rigid enough, and the surface roughness should be less than 10 μ m to prevent relative motion between the sensor and the object being measured due to deformation of the installation surface. For high-frequency vibration measurement, specialized installation fixtures or threaded fasteners should be used to reduce the impact of installation resonance frequency on measurement results.
• Installation direction determinationBefore installation, it is necessary to clarify the X, Y, and Z axis directions of the sensor and ensure that they are consistent with the direction of motion of the object being measured. Some sensors have directional markings (such as arrows and text labels) that require strict alignment; If there is no marking, the direction needs to be determined through experimentation or calibration.
• Installation method selectionChoose the appropriate installation method based on actual needs, such as screw fixation, adhesive, magnetic seat, etc. Bolt connection is a reliable installation method. During installation, it is necessary to drill installation threaded holes on a smooth and flat installation surface, with a hole depth longer than the bolt. Apply grease on the joint surface to increase contact stiffness, and use a torque wrench for installation. The installation torque is 2.5-5Nm. When installing the magnetic seat, it should be tilted at a certain angle to avoid large instantaneous impacts caused by vertical adsorption, which may affect the testing accuracy.
• Install stress controlDuring installation, avoid applying excessive pre tightening force to the sensor (such as overtightening screws) to prevent deformation or damage to the internal structure of the sensor. Use flexible cables or shock-absorbing gaskets to reduce the impact of installation stress on sensors.

Precautions for Electrical Connections

• Power supply requirementsEnsure that the power supply voltage is stable and within the rated range of the sensor (such as ± 5V, ± 10V, or 4-20mA), to avoid measurement errors or damage to the sensor caused by voltage fluctuations.
• Grounding treatmentGood grounding is the key to reducing electromagnetic interference (EMI), and it is necessary to reliably connect the sensor housing to the grounding terminal of the tested system. The principle of single point grounding is usually adopted to avoid the formation of a grounding loop.
• signal transmissionUse shielded twisted pair cables to transmit signals and reduce the impact of external electromagnetic interference (such as frequency converters and high-voltage lines). Signal lines should be kept away from power cables (such as motor power lines) to avoid parallel wiring; If crossing is necessary, maintain a 90 degree angle to reduce coupling. The shielding layer needs to be grounded at both the sensor end and the receiving end.
• communication protocolFor sensors with digital outputs, it is necessary to correctly connect the clock line (SCL/SCK), data line (SDA/MOSI/MISO), chip selection line (CS), and ground line, paying attention to communication protocol, clock rate, and level matching (3.3V/5V).

Precautions for environmental adaptability

• temperature rangeThe working temperature range of the sensor should meet the actual environmental requirements (such as -40 ℃ -+85 ℃ for industrial grade), to avoid sensitivity drift caused by high temperature or material brittleness caused by low temperature. In harsh temperature environments, it is necessary to choose a heat-resistant model or install a temperature compensation circuit.
• Humidity and CorrosionAvoid long-term exposure of sensors to humid, corrosive gases (such as chlorine, hydrogen sulfide) or salt spray environments to prevent circuit short circuits or corrosion of metal components. If it must be used in harsh environments, sealed sensors (such as IP67 protection level) or protective covers should be selected.
• mechanical shockSensors must be able to withstand mechanical impacts (such as drops and vibrations) during installation or transportation to avoid damage to internal components. For high impact environments such as explosion tests and car collision tests, it is necessary to choose an impact resistant model (such as MEMS accelerometers that can withstand impacts of 10000g or more).

Calibration and compensation precautions

• Initial calibrationBefore using the sensor, initial calibration is required to determine the zero offset and sensitivity coefficient. Three axis accelerometers may have cross axis sensitivity (i.e. the acceleration of one axis affects the output of other axes), which needs to be compensated through matrix correction or software algorithms. Some sensors have built-in cross axis compensation function, which needs to be enabled in the configuration software.
• Range selectionThe sensor range should cover the maximum acceleration of the measured object (such as selecting a model with a range greater than the expected peak in impact testing), to avoid output saturation or damage to the sensor. If the measured acceleration approaches the upper limit of the range, the gain needs to be reduced or a higher range sensor needs to be used.
• temperature compensationIf the working environment temperature changes greatly and the sensor performance is significantly affected by temperature, it is necessary to consult the data manual for software temperature compensation or choose a sensor with built-in compensation.

Notes on Data Processing and Maintenance

• Preheating and stabilizationAfter the sensor is powered on, it needs to be preheated for 5-15 minutes (refer to the manual for specific time) to achieve thermal stability in the internal circuit and reduce the impact of temperature drift. Before measurement, it is necessary to stabilize the sensor and the object being measured together (such as in a stationary state) to eliminate initial errors caused by installation stress or temperature gradients.
• data recordingRecord the environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, air pressure) and sensor status (such as power supply voltage, sampling frequency) during measurement for subsequent data traceability and error analysis.
• Software processingUse professional software (such as LabVIEW, MATLAB) for data processing to avoid manual calculations that introduce human errors. Filter the data to remove high-frequency noise or extract specific frequency band signals.
• regular inspectionRegularly inspect the appearance of the sensor (such as cracks in the housing, cable damage) and the connection status (such as loose joints), and replace damaged parts in a timely manner. Clean the dust or oil stains on the surface of the sensor to avoid blocking the ventilation holes or affecting heat dissipation.
• Storage conditionsThe sensor needs to be stored in a dry, non corrosive gas environment with a temperature controlled between -20 ℃ and+60 ℃. Before storage, protective voltage (such as short circuit or impedance matching load connection) should be applied at both ends of the sensor to prevent electrostatic damage.