The core of selecting an impact testing machine based on materials isMatch material type, impact toughness, and testing requirementsPrioritize locking the impact mode (pendulum)/Drop hammer), then refine the selection according to the range, sample adaptability, and environmental requirements to ensure accurate test data.

Step 1: Lock the core model by material type

The significant differences in structure and toughness among different materials directly determine the core type of impact testing machine

Metal materials (steel, steel pipes, aluminum alloys, etc.): SelectPendulum impact testing machine (Charpy)/ CharpyType)

Reason for adaptation: Metal has high impact toughness（10~500J）The pendulum type can provide stable high-speed impact and supportUtype/ VType notch specimen, compliant withGB/T 229TheISO 148-1Standard.

Special requirements: for use in low-temperature environments (such as outdoor steel)High and low temperature pendulum type(Temperature control range)- 196℃~200℃）To avoid testing deviations caused by low-temperature brittleness.

Hard plastics, composite materials (engineering plastic sheetsFRPBoard materials, etc: SelectPendulum impact testing machine (simply supported beam)/ IzodType)

Reason for adaptation: Medium material toughness（5~100J）The simply supported beam structure can avoid specimen clamping damage and support no gaps/Gap sample test, compliantGB/T 1043TheISO 179Standard.

Soft materials, thin materials (films, rubber, non-woven fabrics, etc.): Selectfall-hammer impact testing machine

Reason for adaptation: Low material toughness（1~50J）The drop hammer impact energy is adjustable, supporting puncture and free impact modes to avoid excessive damage to the sample caused by excessive pendulum impact force, which is in line withGB/T 1451TheISO 6603Standard.

Pipes and profiles (plastic pipes, metal profiles): SelectSpecial drop hammer type/Pendulum testing machine

Reason for adaptation: Customization of clamping fixtures (such as pipe fixing brackets) is required. The drop hammer type is suitable for transverse impact of pipes, while the pendulum type is suitable for impact of profile notches, which meets the requirementsGB/T 14152TheISO 3127Standard.

Step 2: Match the range according to the impact toughness of the material

The measurement range should cover the actual impact energy of the material and reserve space20%~30%Redundancy to avoid range waste or overload:

High toughness materials (alloy steel, thick walled steel pipes): selection150~500JPendulum type, can be equipped with multi gear pendulum（25JThe50JThe150JThe300J）.

Medium toughness materials (aluminum alloy, engineering plastics): selection25~150JPendulum type, single pendulum or double pendulum configuration is sufficient.

Low toughness materials (thin films, thin sheets, brittle plastics): selection1~50JDrop hammer type, supporting weight combination to adjust impact energy.

Step 3: Refine functional configuration according to testing requirements

Environmental simulation requirements: It is necessary to test the high and low temperature performance (such as low-temperature steel, weather resistant plastic), select models with temperature control boxes, and choose the temperature control range according to the needs（-196℃Deep cold~200℃High temperature).

Batch testing requirements: Factory quality inspection selects models with automatic sample delivery and data calculation to improve testing efficiency.

Research requirement: Choose a model with impact curve recording and energy decomposition function, which can analyze the energy changes during material fracture process.

Standard compliance requirements: Select the corresponding model according to industry standards (such as Charpy type for metal and simply supported beam type for plastic) to ensure that the report is recognized.

Typical Material Selection Example

Example 1：Q235Steel plate (impact toughness)40~60J, requires low-temperature testing)→High and low temperature pendulum impact testing machine (range)150JTemperature control- 60℃~20℃, supportVType gap).

Example 2：PPPlastic board (impact toughness)10~20JRoutine testing→Simple supported beam pendulum impact testing machine (range)50J, supports no gapSample).

Example 3：PEThin film (impact toughness)2~5J, puncture test)→Drop hammer impact testing machine (range)10JEquipped with a puncture punch.

Example 4：PVCWater supply pipe (impact toughness)30~50J, lateral impact)→Pipe specific drop hammer impact testing machine (range)100JEquipped with pipe fixing fixtures.